Mind and Rumors Essay

Rumors are dark, hurtful, mischievous things that are spread to cause destruction. Rumors have been around since the beginning of time, and are stronger now more than ever. Rumors are whispered, as if to indicate that they will not spread. Rumors are shouted, printed, posted, and broadcasted. Rumors are lies and those whom associate with rumors are bad people, or are they? Rumors are not always bad, and they don’t always turn out to be lies. There are many unknown things about rumors, like how and why are they really created? DiFonzo defines a rumor as â€Å"†¦unverified information statements that circulate about topics that people perceive as important; arise in situations of ambiguity, threat, or potential threat; and are used by people attempting to make sense or to manage risk† (375). A rumor starts out as an important thought in one persons mind. A thought that is kept to oneself merely stays a thought and never develops into a rumor. But, a thought that is just important enough to share with someone else morphs into a rumor. Rumors are not always intentional lies. They do however start out as unverified information. If a rumor is verified it is no longer a rumor, it then becomes factual information. The information that is passed from one person to many people is thought to be of importance. Whether the rumor pertains to something local, nationwide, global, social, political, public, or private it contains information that is substantial and has the possibility to be life changing. A rumor is targeted to a certain group of people. The spread of the rumor depends on the number of people who perceive the information as important. The group can range from a few people to the majority of the world. A rumor of â€Å"Bob cheated on Mary with Susan† would certainly be very important to a small number of people and could devastate their lives. On the other side of the spectrum a rumor that â€Å"An asteroid five times the size of Saturn is headed toward earth and total death is imminent† would also be of great importance and would affect many people. Rumors are born, bred, and sought out of human emotion. The amount of rumors increase in times of perceived danger, threat, and stress. â€Å"In practice it has been found that the emotional needs most frequently served by rumors are wish, fear, and hostility† (Knapp 361). A rumor is spread or sought to satisfy an emotional need of hope, comfort, fear, and hostility. Therefore it makes sense that the amount of rumors increases during stressful times. In the aftermath of the recent tornados in Oklahoma, rumors exploded. Social media, radio stations, and television stations broadcast the information from the moment of touchdown. Two different television stations broadcast contradicting information at the same time and facebook erupted with photos, videos, and information. People were calling other people, turning on the television, and getting on facebook to seek information or give it. They sought answers, comfort, and hope. Why then do some rumors flourish and are known all over the world and others die out after only a short run? One reason has already been brought up, the number of people who consider the information important. A rumor can live longer if it is adaptable to its audience. A rumor that has information added to or taken out may appear more important to certain groups. Another factor in a successful rumor is the length of it. A rumor that is long and complicated will be hard to remember and hard to tell. Another reason is the desire for humans to be accepted. People will agree with someone else even if they are not sure themselves to avoid hostility and risk losing other peoples good opinion of them. Perhaps people agree because of self-doubt. If one person thinks a rumor is wrong but is hesitant to disagree because the majority believe it to be true then they must be wrong and not the group. People’s personal and social anxiety can escalate a rumor fast and wide. If the majority of people are passive, have self-doubt, or want to avoid conflict then the number of people who perceive the rumor to be true increases. Sunstein states, â€Å"Often people will be suspicious of a rumor, or believe that it is not true, but they will not contradict the judgment of the relevant group, largely in order to avoid social sanctions† (393-394). In conclusion, it is sufficient to say that rumors are more complex than originally thought. They have distinct characteristics and classifications that define them. The most successful rumors are important to the world. If a rumor is assembled just right under the perfect conditions, the result are everlasting.

Othello Speech – Modernisation of Geoffery Sax’s Movie

Othello is a tragedy that examines the darker aspects of human existence such and jealousy and revenge. Othello is unique in the way that it forces us as audience to contemplate what it is to be human. Shakespeare ingeniously challenges the Elizabethan attitudes and values towards the prejudices of race and gender while also presenting his contextual theme of chaos versus order. These values transcend the context of both modern and contemporary audiences and it is through the BBC adaptation by Geoffrey Sax that modern audiences are able to engage with relevance of these issues. Othello is a story of black and white, or even more so black versus white. Shakespeare represents this racial battle on an interesting level, as a battle of good versus evil which is always seen in black versus white. It is within the character and interactions of Othello that, Shakespeare privileges and challenges the idea of the prejudice of racism. It can easily been seen that in Elizabethan times there would be no-one who would look favourably on a â€Å"black† man yet Shakespeare has placed him in one of the highest positions as the general of the Venetian army in Cyprus. Othello is a man of confidence, nobility and rank yet he is constantly inferior because of his colour as can be seen through Iago who refers constantly to him as â€Å"The Moor† and even states him of one with the devil; â€Å" When devils will the blackest sins put on†( Act 2 Scene 3, Line 341). This is likely to represent the attitudes of a great deal of people at the time the play was written as even the Queen of England was racist as at one point she expressed her discontent at the great number of ‘Negars and blackamoors which are crept into the realm’. Yet it is through Othello’s character that Shakespeare is able to challenge the stereotypical ideology of

Arab Marriage and Family Formation

Arab Marriage and Family Formation Introduction Arab societies are undergoing major changes as new patterns of marriage and family formation emerge across the region. For long decades, early marriage was the common pattern in the Arab world. However, it is no longer the only pattern. The average age of marriage is rising and more Arab women are staying single for a long time and sometimes they don’t get married at all. These new marriage trends in the Arab World are part of a world global phenomenon. The changes of marriage trends in the Arab world reflect the social and economic changes taking place in the region. Arab economies moved away from agrarian based systems which supported both early marriage and extended family numbers [Hoda R.and Magued O., 2005]. The majority of the Arab populations live in cities working in industrial or service sectors. Today, Arab women are more educated and more likely to work outside their homes for personal and financial independence. These changes create a new image of wom an and change her past traditional role as a mother and household member. The objective of this research is the studying of marriage issue in the Arab world because marriage is one of the key important factors that determine the social and economic present and future in the Arab countries. Both problems of early marriage and increase of average age of marriage of marriage are explained. Finally, a recommended solutions and actions are proposed in order to naturalize the two problems for decreasing the negative impacts and creation of better Arab societies. Importance of Marriage in Arab Society Family is the main concern in Arab societies. Family is considered the main social security system for young and elder people in Arab countries. In Arab culture, parents are responsible for children well into those children’s adult lives, and children reciprocate by taking responsibility for the care of their aging parents—responsibilities that Arabs generally take on with great pride. Marriage for Arabs is thus both an individual and a family matter. In Arab societies, marriage is considered the turning point that defines prestige, recognition, and societal approval on both partners, particularly the bride. Marriage in Arab societies is considered the social and economic contract between two families. Marriage is also considered the right form of socially, culturally, and legally acceptable sexual relationship [1]. Early marriage in Arab World Early marriage is any form of marriage that takes place at age of 18 years. Early marriages are often associated with enforcement. Forced marriage is the marriage conducted without full consent of both parties and sometimes with a threat [2].From human rights point of view, early marriage is considered a violation of human rights conventions. In Arab societies- especially developing countries- early marriage, is considered a means of securing young girls’ future and protecting them. Wars and social problems m ay leads also to early marriage as in Palestine, where the intifada has led to earlier marriage. Many countries in the world have declared 18 as the minimum legal age of marriage. However, more than millions of young girls are expected to marry in the next decade according to the international statistics. [2].

Analyse the Telecom Industry and Analyse also the company 3 mobile Essay

Analyse the Telecom Industry and Analyse also the company 3 mobile - Essay Example Depending on the supply chain and logistics of operation within the telecommunication industry, the analysis gives possible factors that have led to the flourishing of the industry in one way or another. The macro-economic factors are essential and each company ought to consider them in its strategies (Mithas, Tafti & Mitchell 2013, p 511). Beginning with the Political factors, it is worth noting that the telecommunication industry faces a number of government interventions, depending on the telecommunication laws of each country. Some of the areas where government policies play a primary role include the media, mobile telephony, and internet services. A country’s political system can determine the macro-environment under which the telecommunication companies will operate (Peng & Nunes 2007, p 230). Any fluctuation in the Economic factors can significantly affect the industry. For instance, change in interest rates, economic growth of countries, and inflation can either spell doom for some telecommunication companies or even signify abnormal profits. It all depends on a company’s strategy within the telecommunication industry, considering that economic factors are unpredictable are bound to change according to other factors beyond control by any company or country. In this regard, global recessions may lead to increase in the prices of telecommunication products by some companies. Other companies will attempt to gain competitive edge by limiting their distribution of the latest mobile devices to some countries only, just as Apple Inc. has done (Peng & Nunes 2007, p 231). Social factors are fundamental macro-environmental factors within the telecommunication industry, considering the diverse attitudes and preferences within the industry. Safety while operating or working with telecommunication equipment and network is

Fan Crimes at Sporting Events Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Fan Crimes at Sporting Events - Research Paper Example This has been an ongoing problem for many years, despite efforts to curb the behavior, such as preventing many stadiums from selling alcohol on the premises. Criminal activities among fans at sporting games tend to focus around violence against other fans, but they also include vandalism, rioting behavior and other criminal acts. These acts are driven by the interaction of a number of different factors, including the fierce loyalty that many fans have towards their teams, the atmosphere present at a sporting event, the emotions that are associated with the outcome of the game, the size of the crowd and the presence of alcohol. These factors interact to produce a charged atmosphere, where it is easy for fans to take events or conversations out of context and to react in an extreme manner. Not all attendees of a sporting event are the same. They come to the event with different desires and for different reasons. Many are casual watchers, who enjoy viewing the game, are not overly conce rned about the outcome and who like the atmosphere that is present. However, some fans are more devoted to their team, and whether they win or lose is of significant consequence to these fans, and they can often feel cheated or disheartened if their team loses. This is particularly true if there was some aspect of the game that is contested, such as when it is not evident whether a move by the opposing team was legal. These are the fans. They have one team that they follow and consider to be their own. They will attend as many games, which their team is in as possible, and listen to information on the game on television or radio if attending is not possible. Many fans wear their team colors to games or team shirts in day-to-day life. Others will paint their faces or carry props associated with their team to the game . For fans, there is a lot at stake in any game, and regardless of the result, emotions will run high. A sporting event consists of two teams playing each other; one of which will win and the other will lose (except in the case of a draw, which is only possible in some sporting games). Whatever the outcome of the game is, some observers will be pleased with it and others will be upset. The sports event environment involves a strong clash of cultures as each team has its own fans that have their own distinct opinions, beliefs and desires. This can be especially prevalent where the two teams are from different states or different countries. Additionally, sports games have the ability to draw in large crowds of fans and the concentration of people can increase the opportunity for altercations or disputes to occur between the fans . The polarity between the sets of fans alone is often enough to cause disputes as there are occasional, although much rarer, reports of fan altercation outside of a sports event. For example, in some American cities, wearing a shirt of an opposing team will result in substantial heckling. In a sporting event, not only is thi s polarity present, but these fans are in a confined space for many hours with many other people, some of who they agree with, some that they do not. Alcohol is often seen as a playing a pivotal role in the behavior of fans at a sporting event. It is well known to decrease inhibitions and has been documented to result in an increase in aggressive behavior, an effect that is intensified when the fans are already frustrated , such as from a game that is not going well or from

Does Dieting make you fat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Does Dieting make you fat - Essay Example Despite people holding onto the unfortunately untrue belief that fats are the main sources of obesity, a study carried out by Swedish dietary professionals state carbohydrates are the main contributors of obesity cases globally. Therefore, many people normally avoid fats and instead consume carbohydrates in their quest to control obesity but unfortunately, this usually does such people more harm than good. Therefore, the quantity of food that one consumes is never an issue because what matters is a number of calories in the food. This, in turn, leads to an equally elevated hormone level. Insulin is the most important hormone to consider for it is directly involved with the weight loss of an individual. One role played by insulin is the controlling storage of body fats. â€Å"When one consumes large amounts of carbohydrates, these results to an increased sugar level in the bloodstream†. This results in higher levels of insulin in the body and this is directly proportional to th e amount of fats stored in the body, which eventually results in weight increase. Therefore, low consumption of carbohydrates results in less production of insulin thus little fat storage. People saying that large consumption of fat makes one fat due to its high level of calories entail imparting with adequate information on how fat storage in the body works. According to Yuhnke, weight loss can be acquired through dieting. For instance, in her research Yuhnke states that one can cut 200 calories by consuming food such as sandwich pepper.

NEC ECC Contracts Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

NEC ECC Contracts - Assignment Example General Construction. Contract Principles The Housing Grants, Reconstruction and Regeneration Act 1996 (HGRRA) focuses on payments under a construction contract. Specifically, the Act states that, when a construction contract is for 45 days or more that the party to the construction contract is entitled to installment payments (HGRRA 1996 Â §109). Section 111 of the HGRRA 1996 states that a construction contract shall stipulate the dates of the payments, and when the final sum comes due. Section 112 forms the basis on when and why one party may not pay the other party. Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009 gives further protections to contractors. Another provision of this Act, section 142, appears to address the issue of subcontractors. Specifically, it states that any provision where payment is conditional upon performance of obligations under another contract, or a decision made by another person as to whether the obligations under another contract have been performed, is void. The terms are void, in that the time to make payment to the contractor cannot depend upon the performance of the other contract. This seems to specifically address subcontractors, and any kind of clause which might state that the general contractor will get paid if the subcontractor has performed his duties. The Design of the NEC3 ECC Contract. Main Options. The main options that would be used in this project would be Option C– the reason why Option C is appropriate in this case is because the work is only planned, and there is not an indication that there is a design in place. Option A assumes that there is a design in place, therefore the contractor would provide the works that are described in the contract. In Option B, the employer assumes the risk of the correctness of quantities, because the Contractor is the person who prices the bill of quantities and is responsible for the remeasurement of quantities if not correct. Therefore, this option is not appropriate for a design and build contract, as this contract appears to be. Option D also has a greater risk for the employer, as the target price is adjusted for changes in quantities and for compensation of events. Option E is not appropriate because it is only used when the work is not defined at the outset, and, since the pro ject is defined, this option shouldn't be used as it presents greater risks to the employer. Option F is inappropriate, because this option assumes that subcontactors do most of the work (Yuet, 1993). Option C is appropriate because, while there is a planned project in place, there is not yet a finished design. The employer can provide an activity schedule and the target price can be set according to this schedule. Moreover, costs are minimised to the employer, because the payments are made according to the actual costs that are incurred by the Contractor, and risks are shared by the Contractor and the Employer, because each party shares the burden of over-runs and each party also shares the benefits of savings. This also leads to fewer disputes. Secondary Options There are a number of secondary options which should be used, in order for disputes to be minimized. One of these is, Option P which should be negotiated, as this option provides for additional financial security should th e contractor not complete any part of the works, and other contractors have to complete the works. Option Q might be used as an incentive for the contractor to complete the work early, as Option Q provides for a bonus for early completion. This might be appropriate if the University is motivated to open the centre early for the students to enjoy, especially if this centre is going to be one of the selling points for the University. By the

Financial modelling Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial modelling - Lab Report Example For a given value of expected return, MPT tends to explain how one can select a portfolio with the least possible risk. Standard deviation is the most commonly and widely used measure of spread and thus it measures the potential variability, volatility and risk. Standard deviation (ÏÆ'i ) can be used as a good measure of relative risk between two investments that have the same expected rate of return. It can be calculated for each and every individual shares, portfolios of shares and for the market as a whole. A larger value of ÏÆ'i implies a lower probability that actual returns will be closer to the expected returns. We first calculated standard deviation, covariance matrix and expected return. The standard deviation and expected return were calculated by applying the Excel STDEV and AVERAGE functions to the historic monthly percentage returns data. Table 1 below shows the correlation matrix, standard deviations, and the average returns for the rates of return on the stock index. After we input Table 1 into our spreadsheet as shown, we created the covariance matrix in Table 2 using the relationship . The curved line represents the return values and risks that result from combination of various shares. It is also known as the efficient frontier and it represents efficient portfolios of shares that is, portfolios that give the minimum risk for a given level of return or maximum return for a given level of risk. On the other hand, the straight line is known as capital allocation line and it represents the expected return and standard deviation from various combinations of the risk-free asset and the optimal risky portfolio. It starts at the risk-free return of 4% and is perpendicular to the curved line. It represents the highest ratio of risk premium to standard deviation (Sharpe Ratio). For our computations if we invest in a free risk with 10% portfolio we get

M_nt_l Dsord_r Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

M_nt_l Dsord_r - Essay Example MENTAL DISORDER MÐ µntÐ °l DÃ'â€"sordÐ µr Willie Dweh MD-908-1055076 THE WARWICK UNIVERSITY Submitted in fulfilment of the assessment requirement for the Postgraduate award in philosophy, Psychopathology & Ethics of Mental Health. Word count: 7000 WARWICK MEDICAL SCHOOL TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....4 Uses of Mental Health Classifications†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....6 Epistemological States of mental Health Classifications†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 ICD-10 System of Classification of Mental Disorders†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.11 Main Principles and Concepts for Classification of Mental Disorders†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..12 Unit of Classification: Definition of Mental Disorder†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 Threshold for Illness†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦14 Four Features of Mental Disorder†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..15 Clinical Significance†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....17 Classification by Syndrome Similarity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.18 Theoretical Approach†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦19 Classification Approach: Mind, Brain, or Context†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....20 International Use: Need for Universalism and Diversity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...21 Etic versus Emic Approaches†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦21 Categorical and Dimensional Models†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦..31 The concept of Comorbidity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦23 Future of Mental Health Classifications†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.........†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..23 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.26 Abstract Mental disorder or mental sickness is Ð ° psychological or bÐ µhÐ °vÃ'â€"orÐ °l manifestation usually associated with personal Ð °nguÃ'â€"sh or a dÃ'â€"sÐ °bÃ'â€"lÃ'â€"ty that happens on a one by one basis and is not a result typical de velopmental growth nor is it a result of culture or societal influence. Medical acceptance and comprehension of mental instability has developed in the last 200 years. The discrepancies in methodology of diagnosis, evaluation and classification still exist even though benchmark crÃ'â€"tÐ µrÃ'â€"Ð ° are broadly Ð °ccÐ µptÐ µd. [A couple of mental disorders are Ã'â€"dÐ µntÃ'â€"fÃ'â€"Ð µd founded on the dÐ °mÐ °gÐ µ to othÐ µr ones, dÐ µspÃ'â€"tÐ µ of the subject's Ã'â€"nsÃ'â€"ght of distress.] [Over 30% of the population in most nations report gÐ °thÐ µrÃ'â€"ng crÃ'â€"tÐ µrÃ'â€"Ð ° for the forÐ µmost clÐ °ssÐ µs Ð °t somÐ µ Ã'â€"ssuÐ µ Ã'â€"n thÐ µÃ'â€"r lÃ'â€"vÐ µs (Roy, 2002).] Two models are used to determine mental disorders: the diathesis model and the bio psychosocial model. DÃ'â€"Ð °gnosÐ µs Ð °rÐ µ mÐ °dÐ µ by psychÃ'â€"Ð °trÃ'â€"sts or clÃ'â€"nÃ'â€"cÐ °l psychologists' utÃ'â€"lÃ'â€"sÃ'â€"ng dÃ'â€"vÐ µrsÐ µ procedures. Psychotherapy and psych Ã'â€"Ð °trÃ'â€"c mÐ µdÃ'â€"cÐ °tÃ'â€"on Ð °rÐ µ two foremost remedy choices as are social Ã'â€"ntÐ µrvÐ µntÃ'â€"ons, group support and self-help. In some sÃ'â€"tuÐ °tÃ'â€"ons there may be Ã'â€"nvoluntÐ °ry commitment. There is still much social stigma and dÃ'â€"scrÃ'â€"mÃ'â€"nÐ °tÃ'â€"on which has been Ð °dded to thÐ µ pÐ °Ã'â€"n associated with mental disorders. Community groups have crusaded for change (M

MUVES and the 21st Century Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

MUVES and the 21st Century - Essay Example In the same way, these have enhanced access to learning and business practices. Many people from different parts of the world have been enrolling in institutions abroad to enroll in distance learning courses through the e-learning portals and systems created by the institutions offering this kind of learning (Jarrett, 2008). In this, the benefits of technological advancements cannot be overemphasized in any way. It remains the responsibility of institutions and business organisations that want to take advantage of these developments to make approaches through which they can improve their social and business process through the use of these systems and others, which continue to be developed. Multi-User Virtual Environments, also known as MUVEs refers to the popular and well-known forms of multi-media based entertainments. However, in the recent past, these kinds of media have been receiving wide acceptance in various other disciplines, because of the ability to facilitate important practices when effectively used. For instance, in many places the attention of MUVEs seems to have changed drastically, to focus on the ability support learning activities in the education sector. In this regard, many research groups have been active in designing different kinds of MUVEs, while investigating their perceived effectiveness in delivering some of the set goals and objectives. These research processes have been offering various kinds of MUVEs in different formats in order to determine their ability to achieve the set goals and objectives in teaching and learning. It is expected that the ongoing research into the effectiveness of these technologies will play a leading role in influencing the various practices not only in the education sector, but also in other sectors and in this century. MUVEs that are designed for use in the wider educational community often have certain embedded problems and

Accounting standards and principles Essay Example for Free

Accounting standards and principles Essay In 1973, international accounting standards committee issued international accounting standards (IAS) which lasted till 2000 when they were replaced by IFRS. These are standard based principles, accounting practices guidelines, interpretations and framework adopted by the (IASB) (Epstein Jermakowicz, 2010). In 2001, IASC was replaces by IASB which was mandated in setting international accounting standards. The objective of IFRS is to make companies financial statements to reflect truth and fair view of companies’ affairs as at particular date (Epstein Jermakowicz, 2010). Generally accepted accounting standards are principles and accounting guidelines recognized by a given territory, jurisdiction or most countries especially the United States to supplement the role and objectives of IFRS. Financial statements should be presented, summarized and recorded based on particular generally convections, rules, ethics and standards in a certain jurisdiction i. e. GAAP. Formulation of GAAP and IFRS For consistency and fairness in financial statements which detail the performance of a company, certain rules and standards must apply. See more: Satirical elements in the adventure of Huckleberry Finn essay These are commonly referred to as â€Å"generally accepted† and all accounting professionals apply them as appropriate and ethical. Failure to apply them in accounting field result to agreed penalty by either body governing the practice or the territory restraining unethical practices to professionals. Various committees and bodies are put in places as setters which formulate and develop these accounting standards. International Financial reporting standards are developed and formulated by International Accounting Standards Board while Generally Accepted Accounting Principles are formulated by local financial reporting standards board. In the United States, the establishment and development are influenced by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), and Government Accounting Standards Board (GASB) (Miller Bahnson, 2002). All these bodies and committees have different roles and objectives which are agreed upon on influence to different accounting sectors profession generally accepted principles. International financial reporting standards are based in International Accounting Standards which are accepted globally. ISA changed its operations in 2000 and IFRS were added to cope with the changing dynamics of global accounting profession. Through discussions, contributions and comparison agreements, different bodies through their representatives contribute to the principles developed by IASB. Complete responsibility in all technical matters that include; preparation and issuing of international financial reporting standards, are based on the selected IASB (ISCF IASB, 2007). Thus, the efforts of IASB involves, setting standards, formulating process of adopting standards ensuring the needs of different countries in the globalizing accounting profession (Mwaura Nyaboga, n. d). Difference between GAAP and IFRS GAAP and IFRS have difference in their jurisdiction of usage, enforcement and the way these standards are formulated. International financial reporting standards are globally recognized accounting standards, which are set by IASC from 1973 to 2001 and from 2001 by IASB. GAAP are accounting standards recognized as â€Å"generally accepted† by the United States. In summarizing, recording and presenting accounting information within a nation, the process is dictated by rules and convection of GAAP in the United States. International accounting standard board does not directly set or control provisions of rules and convections adopted by GAAP. Standards set by this powerful board are based from agreements and suggestions from various local accounting boards e. g. Kenya accounting board (KAS). Various nations will try to incorporate the set standards within the GAAP in their country. FASB in America has a mandate to set accounting rules, convection and standards that are later adopted by the US GAAP (Mwaura Nyaboga, n. d). This means that the role of formulating and developing the rules and standards principally lie to the local accounting boards. Various nations have made it compulsory for their accounting practice to adopt IFRS rather than developing jurisdiction GAAP (Mwaura Nyaboga, n. d). In addition, differences on the implementation and formulation exist in financial presentation between GAAP and IFRS. These differences are commonly in consolidation, statement of income format, inventory valuation and recognition, earning per share calculations and development cost recognition in financial statement. For example, in United States, consolidated financial statements are prepared on risk and reward models while international financial reporting standards prefers control based model where consolidation is done on the percentage of control and influence in subsidiaries and associates (Forgeas, 2008). Risks and rewards is more complicated since risk are subjective valued. Extraordinary items such as depreciation and amortization are included in the income statements under IFRS and in the US GAAP are accounted for after net income. This means extraordinary expenses are not taken to contribute net profits (Forgeas, 2008). Under the US GAAP, companies have option to use either LIFO OR FIFO methods of inventory valuation while in IFRS, LIFO method which is historical valuation method is recommended. When computing for earning per share under IFRS average on interims calculations are not included whereas in the US GAAP, computation requires that individual interim increase in shares be done averagely (Forgeas, 2008). Capitalization on development expenditure is done under IFRS and recognized as fixed asset while in the US GAAP; capitalization is not done on development expenditure but is accounted for in income statement as expenses (Forgeas, 2008). Another difference between GAAP and IFRS is how transactions are interpreted to mean. It is commonly argued that GAAP within a nation is rule based and IFRS is principle based. This means that transactions are interpreted based on the stated rules and standards. Ruled based interpretations lies with the professional judgment on certain transaction treatments in account. For principle based interpretation, the IFRS provide on more judgmental way to interpret transactions. This implies that principles are there to the interpretation of transaction and in rule based is on the professional judgment. The problems arise on whether judgment is accurate professional judgment or guessed professional judgment to transactions treatment (Forgeas, 2008). Benefits of GAAP and IFRS Uses of standardized procedures to financial statements summarizing, recording and presentation to the users bears a number of benefits to both the reporting entity and the user such as shareholder, lenders, creditors or the government taxation organ. Adoption of GAAP in the US and IFRS by other countries gives significant economic and financial benefits to decision making. Both approaches give consistency in managing companies and it is easy to compare companies using the same standards. Both standards put strict measures on deviation from the rules and ethics in a particular standard. In most countries for a company to trade public GAAP and IFRS must be followed and they require all financial statements be subjected to an independent audit and opinion thereby be given on the applicability of standards in the company. These independent accountants (auditors) must certify financial statements and any notes to financial statement have been prepared and to be presented in accordance of either of the standard. These two provide adequate explanations and definitions to transactions, provide needed assumptions to these transaction and methods applied in either computations or accounting for the transaction. By this, companies are able to follow the requirements year by year enhancing comparisons/benchmarks between companies and consistency in business operations. Valuation of various assets and liabilities both at the start and at the end of the year would be different between companies giving hectic time in comparison and auditing. These two standards enhance transparence and uniformity of valuation procedures of assets. For example, valuation of assets like investment and stocks unrealized profits can be ambiguous if such standards are not in place. Conclusion To make financial statement present a true and fairly performance and position of the business at a particular date, financial accounting standards are needed. High quality standards need to be set for reliable information that is adequate and useful to investor or creditor. These high quality standards and enforcement will provide transparency in business operations and promote full discloser to financial information which gives consistent application making statement user perform comparison of year by year and among competing companies.

The Effectiveness Of Figurative Language Religion Essay

The Effectiveness Of Figurative Language Religion Essay Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, the most renowned sermon in American history, had been delivered by Jonathan Edwards before his congregation in Enfield, Connecticut on the morning of July 8th, 1741. By Edwards time, the Puritans had lost their authority in the Northern colonies and more liberal denominations of Christianity were being embraced. As other denominations preached of a more merciful God and of the opportunity of salvation for everyone, Edwards, with great determination, believed he should revive Puritan principle. In his sermon, Edwards passionately uses similes and metaphors to encourage his message to his congregants. Through his use of figurative language, Edwards puts the abstract concepts of his sermon into realistic scenarios in which all members of the congregation of different intellects may understand. Edwards motives for describing the concepts of his lecture through figures of speech were to awaken his worshippers from their stagnancy, motivate the unconverted to convert, and to reassure the doubts of straying members the powerfulness of God. Edwards wanted to create an image in his followers minds of how dependent they are on Gods sovereignty and depict how helpless humankind truly is in the wrath of God. Edwards hoped his listeners would experience an overwhelming sense of Gods sovereignty, and through this experience, Edwards hoped his listeners would take action to escape certain damnation. His listeners are meant to feel awaken, and by which, feel the need to contemplate and re pent for ones own personal wickedness. Your wickedness makes you as it were heavy as lead, and to tend downwards with great weight and pressure towards hellà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Edwards, 695). In this simile, particularly, Edwards is provoking his congregation to consider the heaviness the burden of sin has on the human soul. Moreover, Edwards attempts to provide an illustration of how ones sin will be his downfall, the reason with which will drag him down to Hell and widen the reach between himself and the mercy of God. Elaborating even further on page 695, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦if God should let you go, you would immediately sink and swiftly descend and plunge into the bottomless gulfà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Edwards describes the helplessness of man, unable to life the bondage of sin without the mercy of God, and without his mercy, man is inevitably lost to Hell. Edwards continues on this thought through a comparison of mans ability to uphold himself out of Hell by his personal means and righteousness to that of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦a spiders web would have to stop a fallen rock, (Edwards, 695). The comparison of mans personal means to sustain himself out of Hell and the spiders web attempting to stop a falling rock is a metaphor implying both are vain attempts that end in ruin. Edwards use of figurative language in this instance, specifically, makes it easier for the members of Edwards congregation to relate to the weight of sin dragging one down and in addition, worshippers could create a mental image of what might be in store if one did not repent. The use of figurative language as Edwards had is an ingenious tactic to persuade his audience. It allowed Edwards paint a powerful picture of Hell and Gods sovereignty to even the simplest ones in the congregation and gave him the utmost control over the audiences insight. The most prominent theme Edwards desires to communicate to his congregants is the urgency for the unconverted to repent, and for those who are indifferent or believe his sermon is not relevant to them, to realize God at any moment could cast each of them to Hell for their wickedness as well. Edwards sermon is his outlet to convince his followers there is no excuse and no reasoning of the mind that can evade repentance, and moreover, Gods wrath. He combats the doubtful member among his congregation and the unconverted by reproducing their logic and matching it with statements in which provided an answer to their doubt. One doubt Edwards addresses especially is the idea that mans wisdom is security. Edwards states, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦that mens own wisdom is no security to them from deathà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Edwards, 693) and later quotes Ecclesiastes 2.16. By directly countering the qualms of the congregation, Jonathan Edwards strengthens his sermons influence on his followers. The straightforward manner is Edwards method to show leadership and direction. It allows him to restore confidence in his congregants and craft the focus of his congregants on fearing Gods sovereignty. Edwards aimed to transform the conduct of his congregants by reminding them they were at the mercy of Gods wrath. Edwards want for motivating his congregation to strive to be something more in the eyes of God brought forth immense zeal from several members of his audience during and after his sermon. In the first footnote of Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God on page 690, the zeal of his members is described as hysterical, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦breathing of distress, and weepingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ as reported by Benjamin Trumbull in A Complete History of Connecticut, 1797. The tactics of Edwards throughout his sermon were exceptionally efficient. His tactics greatly persuaded his audience and even brought forth shame and sorrowfulness in several of his members. Along with the directness of his words and tone, the similes and metaphors guide Edwards congregants to fear damnation and Gods wrath upon the wicked. The figurative language Edwards uses relate directly to his followers and allow them to create a mental image of Hell and the suffering there would be without God.

Analysis of Models for Emotional Health

Analysis of Models for Emotional Health Analyze Emotional Health The Biomedical model is an intangible model of illness that eliminates psychological and social factors and consists of only biologic factors in an effort to comprehend a persons medical disorder or illness. According to Ragin (2011), this model points out that health is the nonexistence of disease and therefore a person in good health will be free of any atypical biological changes in the body system. This model also suggests that when a disease takes place, finding and eliminating the illness will re-establish a person to good health. Complementary and alternative medicine is a specific term utilized to symbolize a group of various medical modalities, practices, products and healthcare system, which are not normally believed to be part of conventional medicine (NCCAM, 2012). Nevertheless, a number of these medical modalities have grow to be increasingly incorporated to conventional healthcare institutions the biomedical profession preserves a clear place of domination within healthcare institutions and these modalities are consequently frequently complementary to a certain extent than alternative to conventional practice. According to Keshet et al. (n.d), most of the research literature on the relationship between Complementary Medicine and biomedicine is controversial and dispute that the addition of Complementary Medicine to the mainstream health system eventually preserves biomedical domination within it. Keshet et al. (n.d) found in their study that integration of Complementary Medicine results in various attitudes and interpretations concerning the nature of integration, how it is and must be practiced as well as what it means. Most of the interviewed health practitioners and some of the patients understood that Complementary Medicine treatments helped to deal with the emotional and psychological needs of patients, which would if not be met. Complementary Medicine practice, as this study illustrates, seeks to influence concurrently mind and body. It is consistently made clear as connecting some sort of imperative power, be this energy or spirit. The Biopsychosocial model is an approach stating that biological, psychological, and social factors, all take part in an important function in human performance in the perspective of diseaseor illness. Without a doubt, health is best assumed in conditions of a mixture of biological, psychological, and social factors rather than merely in biological stipulations.This is in disparity to the previously mentioned biomedical model that proposes every disease or illness process can be clarified in terms of a fundamental variation from normal function. Ragin (2011) indicated the biopsychosocial model supports the belief approved by many in health psychology in which well-being is determined by a combination of biological, psychological, and social factors. Therefore the psychological influences on health consist of emotions, social support systems, health behaviors and personal traits (p. 185). According to Taylor et at. (2013), Sickle cell disease is a hereditary blood disorder and for the most part frequent genetic disorder. On the other hand, aspects except biologic factors, such as psychologic and sociologic aspects, are linked with chronic pain in adults with Sickle cell disease. The Biopsychosocial approach to chronic pain is an extensively used model of chronic pain projected in response to the pervasiveness of chronic pain and the necessity for a further holistic approach to chronic pain management. The Biopsychosocial model of chronic pain support conceptualizations of the interactive methods involved in health and illness. The largely objective of the Biopsychosocial model of chronic pain is to assist the person to become a vigorous participant in life management skills and to become skilled at new ways of thinking about and coping with chronic pain. Spirituality is a vital aspect in the chronic pain experience of adults with Sickle cell disease that has obtained little or no attention. In studies of adults with Sickle cell disease, those persons with elevated levels of spirituality or even religiosity stated having lesser pain intensity and reported they were able to cope better with their pain. Ragin (2011) stated that the Wellness Model includes the same factors from the Biopsychosocial model such as psychological, social, and emotional in addition of two new dimensions which are quality of life and spirituality. Some healthcare practitioners think more of as life saving procedures without taking into consideration that the procedure could diminished the person’s quality of life and also affect the individual’s spiritual well-being. In regards to spirituality, researchers have being studying the relationship between spirituality and have found that spirituality is important for many individuals to acquire optimal health. Many studies show that spirituality plays a health enhancing task for many people and in many cultures. Reese et al. (2012) make an emphasis on the importance of considering quality of life and spirituality in the individual’s treatment and they defined wellness as a way of life leaning toward optimal health and well-being, wherein the body, mind, and spirit are incorporated by the person to live life more fully within his or her community. The social ecological models were developed to promote the understanding of the active interrelations between assorted personal and environmental factors. The social ecological models include the physical and psychological environmental standpoints as well as the role of health systems and health policy on the person health outcomes. The social environment which includes the familial, interpersonal, and cultural factors that affects the person’s emotional stated of well-being. This model also includes health systems and policy, specifically those agencies and regulations that defines the constitution of health care and standardize its services as discrete determinants of health outcomes Ragin (2011). According to Golden and Earp (2012), social ecological models that explain the interactive characteristics of persons and environments which trigger health outcomes have been suggested to lead public health practice. The health promotion field is frequently criticized for concentrating on lifestyle modification while disregarding related issues that influence health. Social ecological models differentiate persons as entrenched within bigger social systems and explain the interactive characteristics of persons and environments that lie beneath health outcomes. Ecological models suppose not only that multiple levels of control are present but also that these levels are interactive and reinforcing. They mentioned that physical activity, nutrition, and smoking interventions and especially spirituality were more likely interventions addressing topics to take on a social ecological approach that focused transformation at multiple levels beyond the individual target population. Healthcare p ractitioners may well benefit from applying more extensive intervention configurations intended for these settings and topics. As a mental health practitioner, I have always used the mind, body spirit approach in my practice. I feel very comfortable with this approach as I understand that spiritual and psychological perceptive go together when it comes to examine what is affecting our health. Emotions play a vital part in the person’s overall health. Although there are no specific ages and groups that this approach might be most or least appropriate for, it seems that Latino adults are more willingly to adopt it. People often forget the significance of spiritual and emotional health consequences on our overall wellness. Wellness needs to consist of physical, mental and spiritual health to make certain the entire body remains well. As a certified spiritual counselor, I have used spirituality as an approach to help people with different types of traumas as it provides a sense of purpose and protection as well as a sense of empowerment. According to Hipolito et al. (2014), spirituality has been thought in a number of ways and the Western view of spirituality emphasized the appreciation of a spiritual realm or higher reality external of the individual. Despite of how it is thought or measured, an increasing body of research has started documenting the protective effects of spirituality, predominantly following experience to violent traumatic actions. The majority studies take in consideration the positive role spirituality plays in the trauma to mental health development including better psychological well-being, life satisfaction, increased self-esteem, and decreased depression. Hipolito et al. (2014) found out that spirituality did not affect mental health or well-being. On the other hand it affected mental health or well-being indirectly through its positive effect on the individual’s sense of empowerment. This study is important as it is the first to scrutinize the prospective empowering affects of spirituality in the post-trauma period. The findings recommend that a conviction in a higher reality not only empowers the individual but also increases people’s mental health or well-being. The results emphasize the need to offer both traumas informed and spirituality receptive care.

Frankenstien And The Misanthrope Essay -- essays research papers

According to the American Heritage Dictionary, one meaning of "to rebel" is "to resist or defy any authority or any authority or generally accepted convention." With this definition in mind I consider Victor Frankenstein a rebel. In Mary Shelly's Frankenstein Victor Frankenstein rebels against divinity. Growing up, Victor was fascinated by all types of sciences. He began studying natural sciences while attending the University of Ingolstadt. Hoping that he could discover how to overcome death and decay, Victor began an intense course of study "discovering the cause of generation and life†¦[he] became capable of bestowing animation upon lifeless matter"(51). After years of effort his creating was complete, but ended up being a disaster. As soon as the creature comes to life and victor looks into its eyes, he is "Unable to endure the aspect of the being [he] had created, [he] rushed out of the room"(56). The consequences of this rebelli on had a major impact of the rest of Victor's life. His Creature kills his brother William, his dearest friend Henry Clerval, and the person he cares most for his wife Elizabeth Lavenza. "One by One my friends were snatched away; I was left desolate"(188). Alceste in The Misanthrope and Stephen Dedalus in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man can also be considered rebels. In Joyce's novel, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Stephen Dedalus is a character ...

The gallery report :: Essays Papers

The gallery report â€Å"The poisoning of the American south by Richard Misrach†Ã¢â‚¬  Since the late ‘70s, Richard Misrach has been known for his large format, eight by ten inch color photographs of the Nevada desert. His epic series of 18 Cantos or groups, of photographs range from lyrical to political. The west was a vision or absolute purity, Misrach tries to temper that reverence with the truth about mom’s occupation of the land. In 1999, Misrach accepted a commission from Atlanta’s High museum of art as part of their â€Å"Picturing the South†. He chase to photograph Louisiana’s infamous cancer alley, for decades oil refineries and fertilizer plants have dumped their pollutions into the Mississippi river along this 150-miles stretch between New Orleans and Baton Rough. The Mississippi is the dominant river basin North America and drains more that 1.2 million square miles or about 40 percent of the continental United State. It provides 18 million people with drinking water, 1.5 million in Louisiana alone. The Salton Sea The Nature Trail on the West Shores of the fabulous Salton Sea is a three mile adventure along the shores of the Sea. Visitors can see a mixture of birds, native cacti, and wild flowers. The West Shores bird sanctuary borders on the beautiful greens of the Salton City Golf Course. The Bird Watch and Nature Trail, by a MAJOR FLYWAY, is host to over 250 species of birds and 96 accidentals. Migratory birds include Canada geese, snow geese, American avocetes, eared grebes, black-necked stilts, green-winged teals, brown & white pelicans, Scott's orioles, redstarts, burrowing owls, mountain plovers, long-billed dowitchers, long-billed curlews, marsh wrens, and ruddy ducks. Every year the Salton Sea International Bird Festival attracts thousands of bird lovers from around the world. Gentile da Fabriano, â€Å"Adoration of the Magi† Palla di Noferi Strozzi commissioned this famous altarpiece, signed and dated 1423 on the frame, for his family's chapel in the church of Santa Trinita in Florence. Wealth and culture of the donor are reflected in the lavish use of gold and in the pomp of the Magi procession, including also exotic animals as leopards and monkeys. If in this picture clearly emerges the persistence of International Gothic at the beginning of 15th Century, in the meanwhile the panel is ahead of its time showing in the propeller’s scenes (Nativity, Rest during the Flight into Egypt and Presentation to the Temple) one of the basic innovations of Renaissance art: the blue sky at the place of the traditional gold background

Film Versus Theatre Presentations of William Shakespeares Much Ado Abo

Film Versus Theatre Presentations of William Shakespeare's Much Ado About Nothing Shakespeare's comedy Much Ado About Nothing is a witty play that is interpreted in many different ways for many different audiences. Branaugh's movie rendition, compared to the Shenandoah Shakespeare Company's play, have many separately emphasized points. If we look at elements such as use of space, costuming, and love relationships we find that Kenneth Branaugh emphasizes the separation of the military from the domestic which eventually heads down to the separation of men and women, while in the stage production, the director emphasizes the relationship and friendship between Claudio, Benedict, and Don Pedro. In Branaugh's movie version of Much Ado About Nothing there is much emphasis placed visually upon the military and the domestic atmosphere. From the beginning of Branaugh's interpretation the clear distinction between the two groups is visually portrayed. The movie begins with Emma Thompson, Beatrice, reading aloud to her friends and family in a relaxed laid back setting. The first domestic scenes lay out the tranquility of Leonato's home compared to the rough and public military scenes. The first military scene shows Don Pedro and his comrades riding up to Leonato's house. The scene is visually pleasing with the soldiers striding up to the house on horses with their arms raised in the air in slow motion. A strong sense of military valor is established through the soldier's actions, and the movie has already established a sense of military and domestic space, which the play did not capture. The Shenandoah Shakespeare Company's version of the play began very differently. There was no domestic or military atmosphere at all and the ... ...oin the domestic group, but Don Pedro and Don John are not as faded out. Don Pedro is present in the end, however, he is not a main part of the action. All of the characters were present most of the time either sitting on stage or standing which made the two groups seem not as separate as in Branaugh's movie. Branaugh and the company director both made many choices, which influenced their performances. I enjoyed the movie more the play because it was not only full of funny lines and puns, but the actors and the setting were amazing. They movie seemed to flow more for me and I enjoyed being able to see the characters in a serene setting without having to visualize it all. Shakespeare's play Much Ado About Nothing can be interpreted, acted, read, and visualized in different ways, but I thought that Kenneth Branaugh brought together an amazing cast and performance.

For Safe Assign

Poverty is rampant in the Middle East, and the region's past, current and future water crisis plays a more significant role than what is shared in the major news. While the major focus of conflict is often attributed to the devastation of violent cultural war, countries that have been major victims will need rising leaders and peacekeepers to focus on the more significant issues as to begin with a strong foundation while they rebuild. The World Bank predicts that with rapid growth, regional ; cultural instability on top of climate change, these challenges are more pressing than ever before. Water accessibility has always posed great challenges for the Middle East. In the recent decades, the changes in both the economy and infrastructure of the Middle East have made its water challenges a growing issue, to the point where the lack of water conservation could negatively affect the infrastructure and stability of these countries in the future. Rapid population and economic growth in urban areas, increasing and wasteful water consumption, geographical challenges and inadequate governance to name a few. According to studies, climate change is causing more severe and frequent weather events. Political and social turmoil have also worsened existing constraints of water scarcity. Currently, poverty doesn't appear to discriminate against regions, whether stable or unstable. The water crisis in the Middle East plays a significant role when it comes to the population's hunger, food insecurity, and lack of food production. The Arab World is where 6% of the world's population is located. Only 2% of the world's water supply is located there. Rural unemployment occurs when the amount of suitable farmland decreased and desertification increases. As more of the population suffers from little agricultural cultivation, the Middle East sees a decrease in production, and farmers find themselves without jobs or food. The lack of security in water supplies and irrigation cannot sustain productive farmland and agriculture. With a more stable structure and plan for agriculture, climate smart agricultural practices and better irrigation methods will go a long way in conserving water. The public must be part of the conservation effort through awareness. A focus on minimizing water waste, as well as efficient energy usage at desalination plants will reduce the environmental cost of producing water. In such an arid region, there is no denying water takes on critical importance. However, some natural sources do exist, though they attract the attention of those geographically close to them. The issue is who gets to claim these sources. These less fortunate populations suffer due to this continuous conflict. The Golan Heights, for example, has long been a place of conflict for critical players in the Middle East. Countries like Syria, Lebanon and Israel are engaged in conflict over this area because it holds a strategic advantage. One-third of Israel's freshwater supply originates in the Golan Heights, and promotes fertile land, which stretches from the Sea of Galilee to the Jordan River. But while this source of water aides Israel, ceding control of the Golan Heights to Syria would give Syria access to the Sea of Galilee's eastern shore and one of Israel's two largest sources of water. In addition, Jordan and Lebanon would stand to benefit from its resources. But a lack of governed structure in place to allocate and value water in a way that is sustainable will affect the countries' ability to support a civilization that could flourish and their ability to get rid of the poverty caused from a lack of water structure. It is quoted that 60 percent of the surface water resources in the Arab region are transboundary, and all countries share at least one aquifer. This further highlights how important all of the countries' cooperation and solid management of shared water resources. As poverty continues, so will contention. Urban water systems that are in place will continue to be targets of armed conflicts. Countries recovering from war and decimated infrastructure, for example, see leaking water pipes; meaning that some cities lose up to 40% of their water before it reaches the users. Ultimately, entities such as ISIL, Al Qaeda, and the Kurdish forces are perpetuated by this conflict, as they leverage their advantage and control over regions with reliable water sources. With precious and limited natural resources in the hands of these entities, there is little hope of the wealth to be shared or structured. As the economic, social and political pressures mount in the Arab world, the international focus will need to shift its focus to security and communication to avoid engagement in conflict. The above issues and nature of water scarcity and its implications for growth, prosperity and end to poverty cannot be sidelined in efforts at international dialogue and engagement.

Earth Is Being Harmed by Human Activity

Some people believe that the earth is being harmed by human activity. Others feel that human activity makes the earth a better place to live in. What is your opinion ? First, human activity causes many kinds of animals and plants to disaster. Today many species of living beings died or near died out. We only can see some animals in the zoo because in nature they have disappeared. Human beings have been using their brains and machines to remake nature for many thousands of years.We use the habitats of animals and plant. We eat their food and eat them as food, because animals and plants cannot grow fast to satisfy human beings, we cannot see them today. If some animals are delicious, we eat them. No animals can copy with human beings. Secondly, human beings cause pollution to the Earth. I remember when I was young; I drank water from the river and stream. Today, we can only drink bottled water bought from the market, because natural water is polluted by human activities.Air in some cou ntries is polluted very badly, so many people died of lung cancer. I saw some reports that say in London people could not see each other clearly in a short distance in the morning because of smoke and fog. Finally, population on the Earth exacerbate rapidly. Human beings need more food and shelters because of increased population. More food and houses mean more needs from the Earth. Thus people need to cut more trees to build houses.People need to plant more vegetables and feed more cattle, so they demand more lands from the nature. Thus people are destroying more forests and natural lands. The living beings are losing their habitats. Take into account of all factors I think the earth is being harmed by human activity. Today we cannot breathe fresh air and dink natural water. We have not enough places to live. We worry about our heath because of pollution.

Book Report †Middle School Series Essay

Rafe Khatchadorian has enough issues around his family life, without throwing his first year of middle school into the mix. Luckily, he’s got an incredible plan for the best year ever, if only he can pull it off. With his best friend Leonardo the Silent awarding him points, Rafe tries to break every rule in his school’s Code of Conduct. Having gum in class scores him 5,000 points, running through the hallways, another 10,000 points and pulling the fire alarm, 50,000 points! But not everyone thinks that Rafe’s game is a good idea, especially the teachers, parents and other students at the school, so he’ll have to decide if winning is all that matters, or if he’s finally ready to face the rules, bullies, and truths he’s been avoiding. http://www.jamespatterson.com/books_middleSchool.php#.UWY9FFdstN4 Middle School the Worst Years of My Life is written by James Patterson and is a realistic fiction book that takes you through the journey of Rafe’s first year at middle school, dealing with the awkwardness of crushes, bullies, and family issues as he tries to break every rule in the school’s Code of Conduct. The book features many different pictures that tell you what’s going on as well, and is considered a graphic novel. Middle School the Worst Years of my Life received a critical acclaim from the most reviewers, it won the YALSA 2012’s Top Ten Quick Picks for Reluctant Young Readers award and James Patterson got nominated for the Children’s Book Council’s Author of the Year award. James has written well over 50 books, a lot of them being in series, and has won many awards. Middle School the Worst Years of My Life is the first book in the Middle School series. The setting of the Middle School series is in middle school. There is no specific day or time that this book is set in, other than it being during middle school. A lot of the time the rules that are broken are broken within the school timing, but there are one or two rules that get broken out of school times. I think the setting has been chosen well, and believed it suited the book well. The novel starts with Rafe entering sixth grade at Hills Village Middle School. Beginning the new school year with a negative mindset means that Rafe starts the year bored and believes that ‘it was a prison Pilgrims back then, but not too much has changed. Now it’s a prison for sixth, seventh and eighth graders.’ Rafe quickly understands that he will be stuck in middle school for 3 years, and invents â€Å"Operation R.A.F.E.† with his best friend Leonardo the Silent. The plan was to break every single rule in the schools handbook. He also has to put up with the issues in his home life. His mum is always working double shifts at a diner and never gets time with her children, Rafe, and Rafe’s younger sister, Georgia. He has a verbally abusive stepfather (Bear) who looks after him when his mother is away. Then, there’s Jeanne Galletta, who Rafe is madly in love with. Jeanne is a doubtful of Rafe’s plan and wishes he would spend more time on school work then his games. Operation R.A.F.E’s consequences consists of many detentions with his English teacher, Ms. Donatello. This creates tension between Rafe’s family, and after having a fight with Bear about Leonardo and how he is a bad influence on Rafe, we discover that Leonardo is Rafe’s imaginary friend. Rafe’s actions eventually lead to bad grades, getting himself suspended, and then forced to be tutored by Jeanne, whom he had been trying to avoid because she doesn‘t like him. While the tension in the family gets stronger, Bear throws Rafe’s mother to the ground and moves out, Rafe gets expelled for spraying graffiti on the school walls, but Ms. Donatello see’s the potential artist within him and comes up with the idea to send him to art school. The final part of the book reveals that Leonardo is Rafe’s dead twin brother. An exciting part of the novel is when Rafe graffiti’s the school wall at four in the morning. ‘The next morning, I left a note for Mom saying that I had to go to school extra early to work on a project, which was basically true. I just left out the part about how early meant four in the morning and project meant highly illegal activity. â€Å"You’re not going to regret this,† Leo kept telling me. The way he saw it, the whole point of Operation R.A.F.E. was about breaking rules, so why should I let a little thing like losing the game stop me from doing the part I’d been looking forward to the most? Like I said before – genius†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦I unpacked my new flat black marker, a big old camping flashlight, and some of my latest practice sketches. I’d drawn these ones on graph paper, which is kind of like a brick wall, to show me how big everything would need to be. But Leo was feeling impatient, â€Å"You don’t need those anymore,† he said. â€Å"The clock’s ticking. Stop thinking so much and just go.† So I did. I set up the flashlight on a rock so that it was shining right at the wall. Then I picked up my marker and started. It was king of slow-moving at the beginning. I wasn’t sure what to draw first, or what order to do things in. But the more I kept going, the more I got into it, and then somewhere along the way everything started to flow†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.After a while I was running around like crazy, working over here, working over there and getting up on an old trash can to reach the higher parts when I needed to. The whole thing started to get so big that I felt like I was inside it, even while I was still drawing. It was like Leo had said – I wasn’t thinking anymore. I was just doing it, like the marker was just another part of me, and the lines and shapes and pictures were coming right out of my hand.’ After a while, the police show up, and are surprised that a kid had done all that work, but then again, it was illegal, so into the cop car went Rafe and Leo. I like this part of the novel because I felt as if I was in the actual scene. It was as if I was Leo and I was scared we’d get caught. This scene, although it’s short, it was intense. You didn’t want Rafe to get caught, but you wanted to know what would have happened when he got caught. I just believe that the way this chapter/scene has been written makes it believable and makes you feel like you’re there. The style of this novel is average pace. The novel begins out very slowly, and it doesn’t have much meaning, but once the novel gets a fair way into it, the drama begins, and the pace slowly picks up. At the end of the novel, things get more intense and more happens in a shorter amount of time, and by the end of the novel, so much has happened, that it takes a while to comprehend what has happened, but you realise that James wrote it that way for a reason, and to me, that reason was so that he could have a short book, that had a lot in it, and might eventually be able to make a movie, much like the Diary of a Wimpy Kid movies. The Worst Years of my Life uses a lot of slang humour, but not so much that it’s over powering, it’s just enough that it creates the characteristics of the book. A genre is the category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter. There are several genre’s the feature in this novel, some more than others. The genres that feature heavily in Middle School the Worst Years of My Life are: Comedy Humour Drama The genre that is featured in the book, but not as heavily is romance. Have you ever had a crush on someone and had them not like you back? Romance is a feeling of excitement and mystery associated with love. Rafe Khatchadorian discovers his feelings for Jeanne Galletta on one of his first days at school. They were all sitting in the school gym and she was one of the candidates for the student council representatives and part way through or speech, she offers to buy Rafe fries later that day, and that’s when he knew he liked her. Towards the end of the novel, Rafe’s grades start to go downhill and the school as well as his Mum think it’s a good idea to get some extra help. Little did Rafe know that his dream girl Jeanne was going to be his tutor. Even though Rafe is a teenage boy who likes girls, middle school would not be any good without a sense of humor or a comedian mixed into the scene. The biggest class clown in the school is here, and his name? Rafe Khatchadorian. A class clown is the funniest person in the class who often gets in trouble. Rafe’s first year at middle school is spent trouble making and trying to make people laugh, but not everyone thinks that his plan to break every rule in the Code of Conduct. Miller the Killer was the school bully, and his new prey is Rafe. Throughout Rafe’s middle school year, he comes into conflict with Miller many times. The biggest thing that happens to Rafe because of Miller the Killer is when he discovers Rafe’s notebook with all the Operation R.A.F.E. (Rules Aren’t For Everyone) and makes Rafe buy each page back off of him for a dollar a page, but Rafe discovers Miller’s plan with the notebook early on, and it isn’t pretty. Miller the Killer enjoys making Rafe’s first year at middle school hell, but Rafe enjoys the humorous side of school. School is tough on everyone, so what’s the best way to get through? Have fun! And that’s what Rafe intends to do by breaking all the rules in the Code of Conduct and earning himself points. The catch is, he only gets given three lives, and if he breaks all three, the games over. All the seriousness aside, Rafe gives himself, and Leo a good laugh. The funniest scene in the book to me was when Rafe decides to break the schools dress code, and he was given the best chance to do this with Halloween just around the corner. Leo knew that it would only be a matter of time before Rafe was caught by a teacher, so Leo was giving him 10,000 points for every 50 yards of the school he covered in his costume. Rafe ran, as fast as he could in all black, with a pocket full of Cheerios as throwing stars, and nunchucks made from paper towel roles with rope knotted at either end. Yep, you guessed it. Rafe was a ninja. ‘I came tearing out of that bathroom at full speed and just kept running – through the first floor (10,000!), up the stairs (10,000!), down the second floor hall past all the lockers (10,000!), throwing Cheerios and swinging my nunchucks like crazy.’ Right before he got caught, Miller the Killer was right in his aim. ‘I made sure my mask was pulled down tight over my face. Then I took a big windup as I went by, and beaned him upside the head with one of the chucks (10,000!). â€Å"What the – ?† Miller turned the wrong way, just as I passed him. By the time he’d figured out where I came from and where I was headed, I’d already left him in the dust. He was twice as big as me, but I was twice as fast. Eat it, Miller!’ And then it happened. Caught right in the act. Yep, a teacher saw him†¦ Well, he ran into the teacher. Games over Rafe. ‘And then – splam! I ran right into Mrs. Stricker. Literally. Let’s just say, she wasn’t in the mood for wrestling.’ But Rafe had another plan and it was going to earn him double points. ‘I went into the bathroom and came out a minute later without my ninja costume, running just as fast as before. Some kids got out of my way. Some even ran in the other direction. A few of the girls screamed when I cam2 through, but I don’t think they meant it. And a few people even yelled stuff like â€Å"Go, Rafe, go!† and â€Å"Don’t let ‘em get you!† Because, like I said, I wasn’t wearing my ninja costume anymore. In fact, I wasn’t wearing much of anything at all.’ No, he wasn’t naked, but he wasn’t wearing much†¦ ‘Just sneakers, a pair of boxers, and a big old smile.’ Boy, did Rafe get in big trouble for that, but on the other hand, he did earn himself a lot of points! Rafe loves making people laugh, and I believe that the reason he does it isn’t for other people, but he does it to make himself feel good. I belie ve that the main theme in this novel is coming of age and growing up into a better person in a way. To me, I think this means that by using the resources that are around you (family, friends etc.) to become the person you are supposed to be. For Rafe, this is trying to get over his prank, funny, humorous stage, and into the more serious schooling stage. This can be hard for some people, especially when they don’t get along with their family, and when their only friend is in their imagination, but by the end of the book, Rafe has realised that even though he isn’t academically smart, he does have a gift with art, which sees him going to art school. Love is also in the novel, as Rafe discovers Jeanne Galletta, but it doesn’t impact on the story as much as growing up does. The main characters in the book are: Rafael (Rafe) Khatchadorian – Rafe is the trouble maker in the story who is in his first year at Hills Village Middle School. Rafe is important because without him, there is no story. I like this character because he makes the book fun. Even though he isn’t an actual person, this character has a funny personality and a childish sense of humour. I believe that James Patterson has described this character well. Georgia Khatchadorian – Georgia is Rafe’s annoying little sister who likes to be in everyone’s business and know what’s going on in Rafe’s life, especially when he is in trouble. She is also the family tattletale and always dobs Rafe in when she catches him doing something wrong. Even though Georgia annoys Rafe a lot, he also protects her, which is like all siblings love-hate relationships. I like her because I think I can relate to her because I am the younger sister in my family, and I like to annoy my older brother, but I also know that he will always be there for me. I think that Georgia is a main character in this story because she is a part of Rafe’s home issues because she never leaves him alone and always wants to know what’s going on in his life. Carl AKA Bear – Bear is Georgia and Rafe’s, abusive, rude, obese stepdad who can be found on the couch. Bear is often yelling at Rafe after school. He also argues with Mrs. Khatchadorian, Rafe and Georgia’s mum, and one argument let Bear to accidently push her down the front steps, and when the police show up, it doesn’t look good for Carl. I don’t like him at all! He’s so rude and obnoxious, and I would hate to have a step parent as bad as him. Leonardo (Leo) the Silent – Leo is Rafe’s best friend, who we later discover is in his imagination. We also later find out that Leo was Rafe’s twin brother who died when he was still a baby. I think that Leo is the glue that holds everything together. He helps Rafe with school, with home, and he gives him the motivation to keep going when things get tough. I really like Leo the Silent because even though he isn’t real, he is the perfect best friend. Jeanne (Jay-Gee) Galletta – Jeanne is Rafe’s crush. He is madly in love with her, but she is also the goody-two-shoes of the school, and she hates Operation R.A.F.E. I like her but I don’t. I feel like she tries too hard to be a good student, and doesn’t give herself enough freedom, which is why I don’t like her. I think that being a teenager, or getting to that stage means that you can manage school and social life, and to me, it’s like she has no social life. She’s important in the story because as we get older, we start to see people in different ways, and we start to like them, and I believe that Jeanne is important because without her, it’s not a real adolescent’s life. Ms. Donatello AKA the Dragon Lady – Ms. Donatello is Rafe’s English teacher, as well as his detention buddy. Even though she is strict and can get aggravated easily, she also has Rafe’s best interest at heart and wouldn’t help him if she didn’t believe he was better than what he shows. I like her because I have had plenty of teachers that are hard on me, but they do it because they want what’s best, and without that push, we wouldn’t grow and evolve as people. I understand why Rafe doesn’t particular like her, but teachers always want what’s best, and he will eventually see that. Miller AKA Miller the Killer – Miller is the school bully, hence the name ‘Miller the Killer.’ He is constantly giving Rafe a hard time throughout his first year at middle school, and without the school bully, school wouldn’t be school. There is always that one person that puts people down to make themselves feel good, although not a lot of bullies take kids lunch money, but hurt them mentally, or even physically. I don’t like Miller because I believe that he hurts people because he can and he needs to get disciplined. Without Miller, or a bully in the book, it wouldn’t be like school life, so I can understand why James Patterson included him in it. I’m not much of a reader, but I really enjoyed this book, and I found it easy to understand and comprehend because of the little sketches throughout the book. This book is much like the Diary of a Wimpy Kid series, and I believe it is aimed at the same kind of age group. I think that I was too old to read this novel, but I didn’t find it so easy that I could just read it in a day, but not hard enough that it took me forever to read. It was a good balance, so I would suggest it for kids 13 years old and younger, somewhere between 9 and 13. To be honest, it was a good book, but it could have been made longer so not everything happened at once towards the end. In general, it was a good read, and I would recommend it to younger kids who enjoy having a good laugh and getting into trouble.

Burberry history Essay

Barberry was founded in 1856; originally focusing on producing ‘innovative functional outwear. ‘ over the years Barberry has adapted to changing trends and tastes to suit the consumers wants and needs. Additionally the extension of their product portfolio, for example their perfume and accessories range, Is a response to competition from leading brands such as Ralph Lauren and others. Barberry set out to create a luxury, premium brand image, however in recent years in Britain especially, the public perception of Barberry products have been labeled as ‘chap kook’ because of their distinctive tartan pattern on clothing. In September 201 2 the high brand luxury clothing company Barberry issued a profit warning taking El ban off Buyers market value resulting with a share fall of 19%. We are currently In an economic recession which has resulted In less consumer confidence and a trend of reduced spending habits. However the types of consumers that purchase brands like Barberry would usually not be effected by the economic recession. They are likely to have much more disposable income and secure well- paid Jobs. Retail analyst Joana Satyrs stated that â€Å"The global economic crawls Is dragging on and the longer It drags on the less confident even wealthier Individuals become†. Meaning that even those with more disposable Income to spend on luxury goods such as Barberry, are less confident which Is a major factor resulting In reduced spending habits. If consumers are spending less the company is likely to result in profit losses. If the problem deteriorates it can result in closing of stores and making staff redundant; adding to the already high unemployment figures Barberry s a luxury brand is not immune from the economic instability which has seen weaker sales not only in the UK but globally. From researching Buyers share decrease we can see that the 2012 London Olympics has played a major factor in profit loss. The types of customers buying Barberry products are likely to live in expensive locations such as London; Barberry state that the London Olympics pulled tourists away from shopping and pushed them more towards visiting the Olympic park and stadium and spending their money on souvenirs. However due to the economic recession and the trend of reduced pending habits, Buyers luxury high priced goods were Increasingly likely to see reduced sales. Although wealthier Individuals are likely to be unaffected by the economic recession, the Auk’s high unemployment rate has made Buyers customer base even more restricted than before. In contrast to Buyers view that the Olympics contributed to their profit loss, we believe that the Olympics helped the Auk’s unemployment rate hugely giving more individuals and potential customers more disposable income. However now that the Olympics are over, it can shift focus onto spending more on brands such as Barberry. In comparison; lower priced stores such as Tops and H & M are receiving higher likely to buy from stores that have fashionable styles and a wider variety of clothing at much lower prices. BBC business news (twitter) stated that â€Å"UK retail sales rise as shoppers buy winter clothing† and that â€Å"sales volumes were up 0. 6% in the last month†. Individuals are much more likely to spend EYE – OHIO on a coat rather than an IEEE one; especially during the economic recession. Taking the above into account, there are a number of ways in which Barberry could improve their economic position in the retail market. While Barberry are not in a state of danger as it stands, if their profit and share prices were to decrease further they may have to cut their costs. This could see a decrease in quality of their products resulting to a decline in brand loyalty and a future reduction in sales. One way Barberry could improve their situation is by re-marketing their product range to appeal to a different target audience, that of the middle and working class. Evidence suggests that lower priced stores (Tops and H&M) have been benefiting as a result of their lower prices. If Barberry were to adjust their position in the market, closer to that of H&M they may wreak the rewards. However, we think that Barberry may tarnish their entire business reputation if they do so. It takes many years to achieve a high brand reputation like that of Barberry and it would be a massive risk to put it all on the line. Also the lower priced retailers market is dominated by a few big players and is extremely competitive, making it harder for Barberry to establish itself in the lower priced category. We think that Barberry should ‘ride out the storm’ for the time being. If anything is to be done it should be investing more into marketing and branding to appeal to the upper middle-class. Although this would be costly initially, sales should pick up over time; improving Buyers share price and profits. Furthermore, in the meantime it would be easy for Barberry to take advantage of the current state of ‘national pride’ (following the Olympics) and go back to basics promoting the ‘Brutishness’ of their brand. Another way in which Barberry can improve their current situation is by taking a similar approach to Versa by launching a more economical clothing range with gig street brands such as H&M. For Barberry to differentiate themselves they can instead launch their clothing range with Ezra rather than H&M. Reason being that they types of clothes they offer are very similar in terms of sophistication and quality. This method was very successful with Versa as their line with H&M sold out within 30 minutes. By introducing a more affordable clothing line, Barberry will advantage from an increase in sales and profits as demand from consumers will increase. The cheaper they market their new clothing range the more people would want to buy it s they will be purchasing Barberry clothing for a faction of the cost.

Servicemarketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Servicemarketing - Case Study Example It is one of the most profitable and successful airlines in the world. It is known as an unusual company because it does not operate in the same way as all the other airline companies. Southwest Airlines, Inc. is a low fare airline based in Dallas, Texas. It is the largest airline in the United States by number of passengers carried domestically for any one year. Southwest Airlines carried more customers than any other U.S. airline in August 2006, marking it the first time that Southwest Airlines topped the monthly list for combined domestic and international passengers. Southwest Airlines is one of the industry's most profitable airlines and in January 2007, posted a profit for the 34th consecutive year. Its reputation of having low prices and a fun filled atmosphere has made it an icon of pop culture. In May 1988, it was the first airline to win the coveted Triple Crown for a month - Best On-time Record, Best Baggage Handling, and Fewest Customer Complaints. Since then it has won the award thirty one times, as well as five annual Triple Crowns for 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, and 1996. In 1967, Southwest Airlines was a vision by an investment advisor Rollin King and his lawyer Herb Kelleher, they wanted to start a different kind of airline. Rollin King already had a small charter that ran between the smaller Texas cities. They began with one simple notion, If you get your passengers to their destinations when they want to get there, on time, at the lowest possible fares, and make certain that they have a good time doing it, people will fly your airline. This new airline at first was to fly between the three largest cities in Texas, Dallas, Houston, and San Antonio. Because of the fact that, U.S government was imposing very strict regulations regarding commercial airlines by regulating airline route entry and exit, passenger fares, mergers and acquisitions, and airline rates of return, the primary idea was to focus on a single state area (avoiding governments interfering) and to a substitute market (local) where major operators weren't giving the proper attention.T he next year in 1968 the Texas Aeronautical Commission approved their planes to fly between the three major cities. In early 1971, Air Southwest changed its name to Southwest Airlines, and the first flight was on June 18, 1971. Its first flights were from Love Field in Dallas to Houston and San Antonio. It offered short hops with no-frills service and a simple fare structure, features that became the basis for Southwest's popularity and rapid growth in the coming years. In the next couple of years the company went off to a flying start and by the next couple of years it had acquired four planes and employed about 200 people. In the first year of operation the company lost over $3.7 million dollars. It wasn't until the next year and a half that it was able to turn a profit and ever since then has been doing tremendous. By 1978, Southwest was the most profitable airline in the industry, and had already carried its 5 millionth passenger. The stock for Southwest was listed in the New York Stock Exchange as "LUV."Herb Kelleher, in 1982 took over as President, CEO, and Chairman of the board. He was well respected in his position focusing on employee and customer satisfaction. By 1996 the market had added Florida and California to expand in their services. By the year 1999, in the

Desiree's Baby by Kate Chopin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Desiree's Baby by Kate Chopin - Essay Example At first, having a baby made the couple happy, and the husband even more tender. However, after a few months, the once loving Armand became cold and distant, due to the baby being born with a very dark skin. Armand accused Desiree of not being white, since their child was not white (Chopin 206). No matter how much Desiree pleaded, her husband thought of her as a slave, which made her feel even worse and depressed. She went back home to her mother, and the last blow was when her husband did not even turn around to say goodbye. Months later, just when Armand was burning the remnants of his married life, including her letters and clothes, he stumbled upon the knife-hitting truth: a letter from his mother to his father revealed that it was actually him, who has the blood of a slave race, concluding the story of how his son came to look like one. During the time the story was written, it can be deduced that there were already interracial marriages between the blacks and the whites. However, it was still being frowned upon by the society, which made some relationships fall apart, like in the story of Desiree and Armand. Even though Desiree has hands whiter than Armand’s, she was still presumed to be a descendant of slaves, since she was the one who bore his child (Chopin 206). Because people were not fully aware of this, many people would marry and would be surprised to have a dark-skinned baby. This proved to be the measure of Armand’s love for Desiree, and sending her away would not give him any redemption after learning that it was he, not her who has the blood of slaves (Chopin 208). A reason why Armand was never told of his true identity by his parents was in order for him to be able to live at peace with himself. It can be seen in this narrative that aside from the prejudice blacks and their descendants re ceive from the whites, there is also the

Ageism in Nursing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Ageism in Nursing - Research Paper Example As the discussion declares the country identified to manifest the highest shares of aged population (those with citizens 60 years old and above) was Japan as of 2011 and projected way into 2050. Likewise, in addition to the challenges facing the size and quality of workforce who would be qualified and competent to address ageism, other challenges which were noted included addressing non-communicable diseases and pension issues, to name a few.From this paper it is clear that  the causes of ageism was expounded through identifying the factors that allegedly contributed to its perpetuation. It was noted that culture, media, language and the perception of old age have led to enforcement of stereotyped beliefs on the aged population. Among the language or colloqualist terms apparently associated with the older population are: â€Å""geezer," "old fogey," "old maid," "dirty old man," and "old goat"†. Other contributory factors to ageism that were identified include institutions (o rganizations which preclude aged people from being promoted or from being hired); a reported focus of the American health care system on acute care and cure, rather than practicing chronic care which is identified to be most needed by this segment of the population; and government policies that seem to skew regulations and benefits to other sectors more than to the elderly.  The negative stereotyped beliefs add to the dilemma and non-disclosure or dissemination of factual information on the aged population.... d in the study written by Bloom, Boersch-Supan, McGee, and Seike (2011) have disclosed some relevant findings, to wit: â€Å"while aging is taking place in almost all countries of the world, rich or poor, very high longevity is still a matter of very high income levels† (p. 4). In fact, the country identified to manifest the highest shares of aged population (those with citizens 60 years old and above) was Japan as of 2011 and projected way into 2050. Likewise, in addition to the challenges facing the size and quality of workforce who would be qualified and competent to address ageism, other challenges which were noted included addressing non-communicable diseases and pension issues, to name a few. Different studies have been conducted to closely examine relevant issues that pertain to ageing in contemporary times. Authors Kane and Kane (2005) have delved into disparities related to ageism between long-term care and acute care as well as issues related to age-based rationing. Another study by Nolan (2011) examined dimensions of ageing and belonging as well as the effects of ageism. The various challenges faced by health care practitioners in addressing diverse needs and health-related issues of the aged population were expounded by Bloom, Boersch-Supan, McGee, and Seike (2011). There were negative myths and stereotypes that were also apparently presented by Palmore (1990) which have been vividly clarified through presentation of facts on concerns such as illness, impotency, ugliness, mental decline, mental illness, uselessness, isolation, poverty, depression, and political power (Chapin, Nelson-Becker, Gordon, & Terrebonne, 2002). The causes of ageism was expounded through identifying the factors that allegedly contributed to its perpetuation. It was noted that culture,